Blood Transfusion
Objectives
1.Definition of blood components
2.Preparation
3.Anticoagulants, storage and indications of blood components
4.Complications of transfusion of blood and its components
5.Investigation of a transfusion reaction
blood components- •Parts of blood separated by physical means – centrifugation etc.
ANTICOAGULANTS
•HEPARIN
•Safe
•Not change blood pH
•Only useful for blood to be used immediately
•Best for neonatal cardiac surgery to avoid citrate toxicity
ACID CITRATE DEXTROSE (ACD)
•Used in 2nd world war
•Citrate is for anticoagulation
•Dextrose is for energy
•Acid is to reduce rbc lysis
•Hypotonic – swelling- fragility
•Shelf life 4 days
•Now only used in automated plasma pharesis
PREPARATION OF BLOOD COMPONENTS
STORAGE & INDICATIONS OF BLOOD COMPONENTS
Platelets
•Shelf life 72 hrs at 20-22°C
•Single donor apheresis – 5-6 units conc
•Frozen- DMSO or glycerol
•Indication – Bleeding due to low platelet
RBC
•Shelf life up to 35 days at 4°C in OAS
•Frozen – Glycerol
•Indication – Anaemia with C failure